Installation/Live Images/USB-Stick for OFW11/User Guide

From OpenFOAMWiki

1 Introduction

This small user guide aims at getting you started with using the 64-bit Lubuntu 15.10 Live installation that is currently available for a physical USB-stick (real or virtual boot) or as a Virtual Machine Appliance for the VirtualBox.

WARNING: The image and virtual machines created for the Workshop will not work in 32-bit machines.


2 Software provided with the disk image(s)

  1. Lubuntu 15.10 x86_64
  2. Live USB drive boot for full capabilities.
  3. Virtual Box installers for Mac OS X and Windows, along with the respective virtual machine for virtual live booting are provided in the USB drive as well, in case the live boot in the real machine fails. Details provided inside the folder ThirdParty
  4. Cases and software for the training sessions, provided inside the folder Training
  5. foam-extend 4.0 (from 3.2-nextRelease branch)
  6. OpenFOAM 3.0.x
    • Note: It's not OpenFOAM-dev, because we already have foam-extend 4.0 to worry about.
  7. Each version of foam-extend and OpenFOAM will have its own version stack of third-party software. For example:
    • OpenFOAM 3.0.x provides ParaView 4.4.0;
    • foam-extend 4.0 provides ParaView 4.3.1.
  8. swak4Foam 0.4.0 RC2 and PyFoam, both as up-to-date as possible, for both foam-extend and OpenFOAM.
  9. cfMesh 1.1.1, for both foam-extend and OpenFOAM.
  10. Helyx-OS v2.4.0 for OpenFOAM 3.0.x
  11. Dakota 6.3
  12. Salome 7.7.1
  13. OpenSCAD 2015.03-1
  14. Anaconda 4.0 with Python 2.7, along with a few more packages, that are listed here: Installation/Live_Images/USB-Stick_for_OFW11/Creation_Guide#Install Anaconda 4.0.0 with Python 2.7
  15. KDE's kompare
  16. emacs
  17. rst2pdf
  18. imagemagick


3 Booting

There are 3 ways we can boot up the Lubuntu Live installation that was created for this Workshop:

  1. If you believe your laptop (or transportable desktop) computer can boot the physical USB-stick, then please try the instructions given in section Booting directly from the USB-stick.
  2. If your laptop (or transportable desktop) computer cannot boot from the physical USB-stick, then please try the instructions given in section Booting the USB-stick via VirtualBox.
  3. If your machine cannot handle the USB stick, or if you cannot deploy the disk image to your own USB-stick or if there aren't any more sticks left in the Workshop, then you can rely on using a Virtual Machine. For this, follow the steps given in section Booting without USB-stick and with Virtual Machine Appliance.


3.1 Booting directly from the USB-stick

Each laptop has its own booting strategy, where some might not even be able to do so.

Nonetheless, the conventional way is:

  1. Insert the USB-stick in your laptop.
  2. While the laptop is booting up, it should show a keyboard key option for booting, which usually is either one of the following keys: DEL, F2, F10, ESC, Or any other F* keys.
  3. Then either use the boot menu that the BIOS/UEFI provides or configure the BIOS/UEFI to first boot from the USB-stick.
  4. If it starts booting properly from the USB-stick, it should show the language selection screen, as shown in the chapter Live Boot menu .
    • Or possibly only a black screen with only a symbol on the lower left corner of the screen. In which case, please wait 30 seconds to start booting without pressing any keys.


Now, depending on whether it all went well or not:

  • If it went well, then please proceed to the chapter Live Boot menu .
  • If it did not go as planned, then please turn off your computer and boot into your standard Operating System, may it be Windows or Mac OS X. Then go to the section Booting the USB-stick via VirtualBox.


3.2 Booting the USB-stick via VirtualBox

We wont go into lengthy details on how to install and use VirtualBox, because it already a fairly good guide on its website, as shown here: Chapter 1. First steps. If you don't have access to the Internet, but you do have access to the USB-stick, then check the folder ThirdParty and open the PDF file VirtualBox-UserManual.pdf.

The installers for Windows and Mac OS X are inside the folder ThirdParty.

In addition, since we will be booting the USB-stick within VirtualBox, after installing it, please also install the extension pack, which is inside the sub-folder VirtualBoxExtensionPack. It's the file Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-*.vbox-extpack and if you double-click on it, VirtualBox should open it without any problems; if double-click didn't work, check the section 8.36 VBoxManage extpack in the VirtualBox-UserManual.pdf document.

Note
If you are running VirtualBox within a real machine that is running a Linux Distribution, then make sure to add your user to the group for virtual box users, by running a command similar to this: 
sudo usermod -aG vboxusers $USER


Now, once you have installed VirtualBox and got a hang on the basics, then follow these steps:

  1. Copy the folder VM from the USB-stick onto your desktop or documents folder or some other folder.
  2. Go into the folder VM on your target location (desktop/documents/other) and double-click on the file OFW11USBVM.ova. This should start VirtualBox and its interactive import mechanism.
  3. As shown in the image below, it shows the import window for the file you double-clicked on. If this window didn't appear, then through VirtualBox's own menu, choose: File -> Import Appliance... and then browse to find the OVA file mentioned in the previous step.
    This is an example interface of VirtualBox's import mechanism for the small OVA file on Ubuntu.
    Click on the import button to continue.
  4. Once the import is complete, you need to:
    1. Select the newly imported VM on the list shown on the left side of the window.
    2. Click on the Storage icon on the right side of the window.
    3. On the item hanging from the Controller: IDE tree branch, shown on the middle of the newly shown window;
    4. One the Optical Drive shown on the right part of the screen, click on the CD/DVD icon and browse for the ISO file that is inside your local VM folder, namely the file VMbootUSB.iso.
    5. Click on the OK button for the Settings window.
  5. Now, with our virtual machine named OFW11 Lubuntu Live VM selected on the right side of the window, click on the big Start button on the top and let it start the virtual machine!
  6. If it starts booting properly from the USB-stick, it should show the language selection screen, as shown in the chapter Live Boot menu .


Now, depending on whether it all went well or not:


3.3 Booting without USB-stick and with Virtual Machine Appliance

Quoting the only important detail from the previous section:

We wont go into lengthy details on how to install and use VirtualBox, because it already a fairly good guide on its website, as shown here: Chapter 1. First steps.


Now, once you have installed VirtualBox and got a hang on the basics, then follow these steps:

  1. Download the file OFW11-2016_v3.ova from the Download page, listed in section Virtual Machine Appliance file. It's a rather big file and it will take a considerable time to download.
  2. Go into the folder where the downloaded file is now located and double-click on said file, which should be named OFW11-2016_v3.ova. This should start VirtualBox and its interactive import mechanism.
  3. As shown in the image below, it shows the import window for the file you double-clicked on. If this window didn't appear, then through VirtualBox's own menu, choose: File -> Import Appliance... and then browse to find the OVA file mentioned in the previous step.
    This is an example interface of VirtualBox's import mechanism for the large OVA file on Ubuntu.
    Click on the import button to continue.
  4. Once the import is complete, you need to:
    1. Select the newly imported VM OFW11 Direct Image on the list shown on the left side of the window.
    2. Click on the System icon on the right side of the window.
    3. On the Motherboard tab, change the Base Memory to something that your computer can handle, namely something in the green zone of the tick bar.
    4. On the Processor tab, change the Processor(s) to something that your computer can handle, namely something in the green zone of the tick bar.
    5. Click on the OK button for the Settings window.
  5. Now, with our virtual machine named OFW11 Direct Image selected on the right side of the window, click on the big Start button on the top and let it start the virtual machine!
  6. If it starts booting properly, it should show the language selection screen, as shown in the chapter Live Boot menu .


Now, depending on whether it all went well or not:


4 Live Boot menu

If all went well in the chapter Booting, then please follow the following steps:

  1. The first screen after the booting process started, should be the language option:
    The welcoming boot screen, where it asks for the language you want to use.
    Use the cursor keys to navigate and then use the Enter/Return key.
  2. It should then show the boot menu:
    Press the F3 button for choosing the Keyboard mapping.
  3. This is the keyboard options menu:
    Use the cursor keys to choose the keyboard configuration for your computer. Then press the Enter/ or the Return key.
  4. Now we’re back to the boot menu:
    Make sure the first entry Try Lubuntu without installing is white. Press the Enter or the Return key.
  5. If all went well, the light on the USB-stick should start blinking (if there is one) and the boot menu will take a little while to go away… eventually, something like one of the following two images will appear:
    This is the pretty boot screen...
    This is the textual screen, so it will either show this, or as a last resort it will show a black screen.
    Either way, please wait 20 seconds to 3 minutes for it to boot.
  6. When the boot is complete, it should show the Lubuntu Desktop:
    Do you see it? If not, ask for assistance at the Workshop or at this thread: Support for the USB-stick image and Virtual Machine Appliance for the OFW11

Now, if all went well, please continue reading the next chapters!


5 Details of the desktop

This is a summarized list of the icons shown on the system tool-bar at the bottom of the screen. Details listed below:
  1. Start menu... well, it's called something else, but it's akin to Windows XP Start button.
  2. File explorer, for looking interactively to the contents of the files.
  3. Firefox, for browsing the internet or at least for opening HTML pages.
  4. LXTerminal, which is the console application for interacting with OpenFOAM/foam-extend applications.
  5. Minimize all windows, so that we can see the desktop.
  6. Workspaces, which represent 2 desktops, for showing only one at a time. It's a neat desktop organization capability.
  7. Window list bar, where the open windows on the current workspaces at listed as long buttons
  8. Battery icon, which should look different when you have a laptop and the battery is plugged in.
  9. Network (and WiFi) configuration.
  10. Keyboard Layout Handler, where you can change the keyboard configuration.
  11. Shows the current time... and date if you click on it.
  12. The button for system shutdown, reboot and so on.


6 Changing keyboard layout

This is an example of the steps needed for changing the keyboard layout. More details below.

Changing the keyboard layout can be done after booting the USB stick, by following these steps:

  1. Right-click on the Portuguese flag on the lower right corner of the screen, as shown in the image above at the red 1.
    • It's set to the Portuguese keyboard layout by default... sorry about that, but it's to ensure that users will update this for themselves.
  2. Choose the the first option "Keyboard Layout Handler" Settings (#2).
  3. In the new window, click on the + Add button (#3).
  4. A new window will show up and there you can choose the keyboard layout.
  5. Once you've added a new keyboard layout, you can remove any other layouts that you don't need.
  6. You can now close the window Keyboard Layout Handler.
  7. If you have more than one layout, you can click on the flag icon (#1) to change between layouts.


7 Starting up OpenFOAM/foam-extend

Double click on the LXTerminal icon.

  • For loading the shell environment for OpenFOAM 3.0.x, run: 
      of30x
  • For loading the shell environment for foam-extend 4.0, run: 
      fe40

Note: Always use a different LXTerminal for each version.


8 How to use other applications that already installed

HELYX-OS
Simply run the following command, regardless of the OpenFOAM/foam-extend version that you are using: 
helyxos
Salome
Simply run the following command, regardless of the OpenFOAM/foam-extend version that you are using: 
salome
OpenSCAD
Simply run the following command, regardless of the OpenFOAM/foam-extend version that you are using: 
openscad
Dakota
You need either OpenFOAM or foam-extend environment to be activated, in order to use Dakota.
Python
You need either OpenFOAM or foam-extend environment to be activated, in order to use Python.
PyFoam
You need either OpenFOAM or foam-extend environment to be activated, in order to use PyFoam.
swak4Foam
You need either OpenFOAM or foam-extend environment to be activated, in order to use swak4Foam.
cfMesh
You need either OpenFOAM or foam-extend environment to be activated, in order to use cfMesh.


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